"Dixeya" nasuta

"Dixeya" nasuta is an extinct species of gorgonopsian (predatory therapsids, related to modern mammals) that lived during the Late Permian of East Africa, known from fossils found in what is now Tanzania.

"D." nasuta has been characterised from other gorgonopsians by a combination of its straight snout profile, upturned and "pinched" nose, and curved jaw margin.

The fossil record of the Usili Formation shows that the taxon was contemporary with many other gorgonopsians, even alongside large representatives such as Inostrancevia and rubidgeines.

Gebauer further proposed a novel second species of this genus, "N. insigna", based on a skull previously referred to another gorgonopsian, Scylacops capensis.

However, he was more cautious regarding their taxonomy, noting that Gebauer's proposal of a novel genus required further study of the material and needed to be more rigorously phylogenetically tested first.

[2] "Dixeya" nasuta is only known by its skull and jaws, which measured roughly 18 centimetres (7.1 in) in length (mid-sized for a gorgonopsian) and had a relatively short and compact snout.

Compared with similarly short-snouted gorgonopsians (such as Arctognathus and Eriphostoma) the skull is not as wide at the rear, with only weakly flaring zygomatic arches and little constriction of the snout behind the canines.

[2] The occiput itself (the back face of the skull) is tall and roughly rectangular in shape, slightly concave and only gently sloping.

Like other gorgonopsians "D." nasuta also possessed palatal teeth, three on each palatine and two on each pterygoid bones, with only weakly developed bosses supporting them.

[2] The dentary bone of the lower jaw is comparatively slender, with a sloping mandibular symphysis that nonetheless bears the characteristic 'chin' of gorgonopsians.

Gebauer found "D." nasuta as a member of the family Gorgonopsidae, which in her classification excluded the most basal genera of gorgonopsians in her tree that she regarded as plesiomorphic (i.e. representing the ancestral condition) for the group.

These include Cyonosaurus, Gorgonops, Inostrancevia, Lycaenops, "Sauroctonus" parringtoni, Scylacops and the rubidgeines Aelurognathus, Dinogorgon, Rubidgea, Ruhuhucerberus and Sycosaurus[a][12][11][9] The other theriodonts present are represented by the therocephalians Silphictidoides and Theriognathus as well as by the cynodont Procynosuchus.

[11] The most numerous tetrapods in the formation are the dicynodonts, among which are Compsodon,[13] Daptocephalus, Dicynodon, Dicynodontoides, Endothiodon, Euptychognathus, Geikia, Katumbia, Kawingasaurus, Oudenodon, Pristerodon, Rhachiocephalus and an indeterminate cryptodont.

Reconstruction of a gorgonopsian hunting a herd of dicynodonts
Life restoration of a gorgonopsian hunting a herd of dicynodonts , based after the Usili Formation