Ímar mac Arailt

[18] His reign in Dublin was finally put to an end by Echmarcach mac Ragnaill, who drove Sitriuc from the coastal town and claimed the kingship for himself.

[28] There is reason to suspect that Þórfinnr Sigurðarson, Earl of Orkney extended his presence into the Isles and the Irish Sea region at about this period.

[29] It is conceivable that Ímar received some form of support from Knútr's son and successor in Britain, Haraldr Knútsson, King of England.

[35] In 1044, the Annals of Tigernach records that Ímar penetrated into the domain of the Uí Fhíachrach Arda Sratha and killed their chief.

[44] Whatever the case, within the year Niall mac Eochada, King of Ulaid is recorded to have attacked Fine Gall[45]—Dublin's agriculturally-rich northern hinterland[46]—in what may have been a retaliatory raid.

[52] After Ímar's death, Diarmait appears to have appointed his own son, Murchad, control of Dublin later that decade, as the Annals of the Four Masters accords him the title tigherna Gall, meaning "lord of the foreigners" in 1059.

[62] It was likely in the context of Iago's fall and this resulting regime change that the latter's son, Cynan, fled overseas and sought refuge in Dublin.

[63] According to the thirteenth-century Historia Gruffud vab Kenan, the mother of Cynan's son was Ragnailt ingen Amlaíb, a paternal granddaughter of Sitriuc.

Further revealed by this source is the fact that this woman's father, Amlaíb mac Sitriuc, built and commanded a Welsh fortress called Castell Avloed.

[68] Although it is unknown how long the Dubliners possessed the fortress, in 1036 another son of Sitriuc was slain in Wales by an apparent kinsman,[69] an event which could be evidence of a struggle for control of the site.

[74] Three years later, for example, the thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Brut y Tywysogyon and the "B" and "C" versions of the eleventh- to thirteenth-century Annales Cambriæ report that this Welsh king was captured by forces from Dublin.

[34] Another conflict that could have involved Ímar and the military forces of Dublin was Gruffudd's final defeat of Hywel ab Edwin, King of Deheubarth.

[83] In 1091, the Annals of Tigernach reveals that Gofraid possessed the kingship of Dublin in an annal-entry recording his patronym as "... mac Maic Arailt".

[86][note 7] In the aforesaid record of the military actions conducted in 1044, Ímar is merely named as the son of Aralt, a fact which could indicate that this was how he was known to his contemporaries.

Map of Britain and Ireland
Locations relating to Ímar and his contemporaries in Britain and Ireland.
Refer to caption
The name of Sitriuc mac Amlaíb as it appears on folio 16v of Oxford Bodleian Library Rawlinson B 488: " Sitriuic mac Amlaim ". [ 16 ]
Refer to caption
The name of Echmarcach mac Ragnaill as it appears on folio 17r of Oxford Bodleian Library Rawlinson B 488: " Eachmarcach ". [ 26 ]
Refer to caption
The name and title of Haraldr Knútsson as it appears on 156v of British Library Cotton Tiberius B I (the "C" version of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ): " Harold cing ". [ 31 ]
Refer to caption
Ímar's name and title as they appear on folio 41r of Oxford Bodleian Library Rawlinson B 489 (the Annals of Ulster ). [ 47 ]
Refer to caption
The name of Iago ab Idwal ap Meurig as it appears on folio 60r of Oxford Jesus College 111 (the Red Book of Hergest ): " Jago uab Jdwal ". [ 60 ]
Refer to caption
The name and title of Gruffudd ap Llywelyn as it appears on 163r of British Library Cotton Tiberius B I (the "C" version of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ): " Griffine cinge ". [ 77 ]
Refer to caption
The name of Gofraid Crobán as it appears on folio 19v of Oxford Bodleian Library Rawlinson B 488: " Goffraidh mac Maic Arailt ". [ 80 ]
Refer to caption
The patronym identifying Ímar on folio 17r of Oxford Bodleian Library Rawlinson B 488: " mac n-Arailt ". [ 93 ]
Sigtrygg Silkbeard (989–1029)
Sigtrygg Silkbeard (989–1029)