Öllingen is on the southern slope of the Swabian Jura, in the northern Alb Danube county, about 18 km northeast of Ulm.

Located on the southern slope of the Swabian Jura pool, Öllingen is a rural structured village which was dominated by agriculture, weaving and by the degradation of sand on the nearby Sandberg.

Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor had passed the patronage of Öllingen church in 1330 to the Chorherrenstift Wiesensteig.

The coat of arms was awarded to the municipality by the state government on 21 February 1955, the flag by the District Office on October 1, 1984.

The local government reform in 1973 led to the dissolution of the district Ulm and Öllingen came as a separate municipality to Alb-Donau-Kreis.