The highest point is the flat hill Andělský kopec at 525 m (1,722 ft) above sea level.

The development of this border area was decisively increased by the inauguration of the Emperor Franz Joseph Railway connecting Vienna to Prague in 1869.

Due to the construction, housing estates were built and the population grew, especially of Czech nationality.

[2] During World War II, České Velenice changed to a town with 95% of population being of German nationality.

On 23 March 1945, the town and the railway workshops were severely damaged by American-English air strikes.