[21][22] The area of South Downtown began developing in the 18th century from small suburban towns, including Bielino, Bożydar-Kałęczyn, and Nowogrodzka.

[23][5][24] Between 1768 and 1770 the Stanisław Axis was developed which is a series of roads and urban squares which connect the city with the Ujazdów Castle.

[30][31] During the Warsaw Uprising, from 1 September 1944, the area became a battleground of German forces and Polish participants of the Home Army.

Following the defeat of the uprising, the population was evicted, and a large portion of the city was razed, including South Downtown, which had already been heavily destroyed.

It existed in violation of the law which forbid Jewish people, from living in Old Warsaw, and in 2 mile (3.2 km) radius from it.

Despite protests of the Jewish population, the neighbourhood had been destroyed on 23 January 1776, with its inhabitants displaced, their trading goods confiscated, and the houses being torn down.

[46] In the late 18th century, in the area had a triangular shape, marked out by Koszykowa, Śniadeckich, and Noakowskiego Streets, founded the landed estate of Koszyki, owned by King Stanisław August Poniatowski.

[47] In 1784, nearby, from the initiative of King Stanisław August Poniatowski, in the area of modern Nowowiejska Street, was founded the settlement of Nowa Wieś (lit.

It consisted of 12 houses, symmetrically placed in two rows along the Royal Road (also known as Wolska Avenue), located between modern Saviour and Polytechnic Square.

Following the Third Partition of Poland in 1795, the Prussian administration forbade the burying of deceased in the city, resulting in a large increase in the popularity of the cemetery.

The families were given the possibility to move their relatives to the Powązki Cemetery until 1 January 1860, after which the remaining bodies were removed and placed into mass graves.

[57][58] In the first half of the 19th century, at the Mokotów War Field had been constructed a horce race track, thanks to the efforts of Ivan Paskevich, Viceroy of Poland.

[66] On 8 June 1898, at 81 Marszałkowska Street, is opened the Warsaw University of Technology (then known as the Tsar Nicholas II Polytechnic Institute).

[29] Following the beginning of the war in 1915, it begun being used by the Imperial Russian Air Service, which stationed there six fighter planes to defend the city.

[77] After the end of the war, and establishment of the independent Second Polish Republic, in 1919, the aerodrome became a base for growing military and civilian aviation industry.

[80] In 1918, it was decided to adapt the abandoned building of the all-female high school, located at Wiejska Street, to house the Legislative Seym of the Poland.

The main route of the district was Szucha Avenue, which was renamed to Police Street (German: Strasse der Polizei).

At the first floor and in the basement were located holding cells and interrogation rooms, where were held people suspected to be connected to the Polish resistance movement.

On 19 May 1942, members of the Polish Socialists, disguised as customers, had planted a bomb in the casino building at 29 Szucha Avenue, which served Poles who collaborated with occupants.

[121] Following the outbreak of the uprising, German officers in the city received orders to raise it to the ground and executive the entire Polish population.

[127][128] Mass executions were first conducted at the Jordan garden at Bagatela Street, and later, in the ruins of the former building of General Inspector of the Armed Forces at 1 and 3 Ujazdów Avenue.

It was designed in the socialist realistic style and consisted of the multifamily residential buildings, constructed mostly in place of those destroyed during the Second World War, though it also incorporated several surviving tenements, mostly in its southern portion.

[137][138] In 1952, to the south of the Marshal Residential District was built the People's Army Avenue, which would later become part of the Baths Route, an expressway build between 1971 and 1974, which connects the city centre with the east side.

[7] On 7 April 1995, in the neighbourhood was opened the Politechnika station of the M1 line of the Warsaw Metro rapid transit underground system.

[21][22] On 8 July 2012, at the Saviour Square was unveiled the Rainbow art installation, made by Julita Wójcik, which consisted of a metal arch, covered in thousands of platic colourful flowers.

Said association, and its location near the Church if the Holiest Saviour, has caused numerous controversies and protests in conservative groups, with many calls for its removal.

[153] Between 2012 and 2014, the installation was set on fire by arsonists four more times, including by a large group of far-right rioters during the celebrations of the National Independence Day of Poland on 11 November 2013.

[2] A prominent example of this is the housing estate of the Marshal Residential District, centred on the Marszałkowska Street, between Constitution and Saviour Squares.

[3][4] Near it is also the neighbourhood of Latawiec, placed between Crossroads Square, People's Army Avenue, and Koszykowa, Marszałkowska, and Mokotowska Streets.

One of them is located in the building at 51 Jerusalem Avenue, which houses the Warsaw Fotoplastikon, a stereoscopic device based on the Kaiserpanorama system, operating there since 1905.