Ja as found in standard Brahmi, was a simple geometric shape, with variations toward more flowing forms by the Gupta .

The Brahmi letter , Ja, is probably derived from the Aramaic Zayin , and is thus related to the modern Latin Z and Greek Zeta.

Several identifiable styles of writing the Brahmi Ja can be found, most associated with a specific set of inscriptions from an artifact or diverse records from an historic period.

The Kharoṣṭhī letter is generally accepted as being derived from the Aramaic Zayin , and is thus related to Z and Zeta, in addition to the Brahmi Ja.

The underbar is fused to the stem of the letter while the anudātta is a stress accent applied to the entire syllable.

[3] An example of a Sindhi word that uses jja (ॼ) is ॼाण (ڄاڻَ), which is of the feminine grammatical gender and means information or knowledge.

Za (ज़) should not be confused with ža (झ़), which is the character jha (झ) combined with a nuqta, and is used to transcribe the voiced post-alveolar fricative [ʒ] from Urdu (ژ) and English.

Za (ज़) should also not be confused zha (ॹ), which is used in Devanagari transcriptions of the Avestan letter zhe (𐬲) to denote the voiced post-alveolar fricative [ʒ].

It is used in Devanagari transcriptions of the Avestan letter zhe (𐬲) to denote the voiced palatal fricative [ʝ].

[5] Zha (ॹ) should not be confused with za (ज़), which is used to denote the voiced alveolar sibilant [z] from Urdu, English, and other languages.

Zha (ॹ) should also not be confused with ža (झ़), which is the character jha (झ) combined with a nuqta, and is used to transcribe the voiced post-alveolar fricative [ʒ] from Urdu (ژ) and English.

Some conjunct clusters are always represented by a true ligature, instead of a shape that can be broken into constituent independent letters.

The Bengali script জ is derived from the Siddhaṃ , and is marked by a similar horizontal head line, but less geometric shape, than its Devanagari counterpart, ज.

It is possibly derived from a variant of 16th century Devanagari Ja with the top bar (shiro rekha) removed, and ultimately the Brahmi letter .

It is also used in Gujarati transcriptions of Avestan (𐬰),[9][10][11] Urdu (ژ), English, and other languages to denote the voiced alveolar sibilant [z].

It is used in Gujarati transcriptions of the Avestan letter zhe (𐬲) to denote the voiced palatal fricative [ʒ] and is analogous to the Devanagari character zha (ॹ).

Gurmukhi jajaa does not have a special pairin or addha (reduced) form for making conjuncts,[disputed – discuss] and in modern Punjabi texts do not take a half form or halant to indicate the bare consonant /d͡ʒ/, although Gurmukhi Sanskrit texts may use an explicit halant.

As is common in Indic scripts, Malayalam joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters.

ᒉ, ᒋ, ᒍ and ᒐ are the base characters "Ce", "Ci", "Co" and "Ca" in the Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics.

The bare consonant ᒡ (C) is a small version of the A-series letter ᒐ, although the Western Cree letter ᐨ, derived from Pitman shorthand was the original bare consonant symbol for C. The character ᒉ is derived from a handwritten form of the Devanagari letter ज, without the headline or vertical stem, and the forms for different vowels are derived by mirroring.

As is common in Indic scripts, Odia joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters.

The most common conjunct formation is achieved by using a small subjoined form of trailing consonants.

The second type of conjunct formation is through pure ligatures, where the constituent consonants are written together in a single graphic form.

As is common in Indic scripts, Kaithi joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters.

Actually, the sounds of the vowels are modified by the consonant; see the article on the Khmer writing system for details.

The yŭkôlpĭntŭ positively indicates the presence of a final implicit vowel, plus its automatic glottal stop.

Otherwise, there is no final vowel, unless the word is of Pali or Sanskrit origin, in which case the spelling is ambiguous.

Up until the start of the 20th century, the lack of a final vowel could be indicating by subscripting the consonant, as then done in Lao and in other non-Indic languages using the Tai Tham script.

When the Thai script was developed, cho chang was slightly modified to create distinct letter for /z/.

Occasionally the visible virama (ra haam) is used, but this may signify that the consonant so marked is silent.