The mission of the brigade is to train and maintain a strategic crisis response air defense artillery brigade capable of deploying worldwide, on short notice, to provide air defense force protection from air-breathing threats and tactical ballistic missiles, as well as allow freedom of maneuver for XVIII Airborne Corps operations.

The brigade deployed to Europe during World War II, and participated in the landings at Normandy, going ashore at Utah Beach on 28 June 1944.

The 363rd did not deploy, but remained at Fort Gordon, Georgia until 31 October 1944, whereupon the unit was deactivated and returned to the US Army Reserve, with the personnel and equipment transferred elsewhere as required.

The Group notably supported the Operation Lam Son 719 raid into Laos during February–March 1971.

In September 1975 the group moved to Kleber Kaserne and on 1 October 1982 it was redesignated the 108th Air Defense Artillery Brigade.

On 15 April 1992 the Brigade was moved to Fort Polk, Louisiana, commanding the Patriot (2–43rd) battalion, an Avenger (1–2nd) unit and the newly activated (16 December 1992) 208th Signal Company.

The IOH also notes the brigade asked to be authorized a beret, flash and parachute wing trimming (aka "oval") but was turned down because the brigade is not an Airborne unit and is not authorized either a flash or wing trimming.

The brigade's only unit to serve on jump status was the Stinger Platoon of 2–52 ADA.

This platoon, under the command of 1LT Evan Phelps, had the distinction of being the first ADA unit to be deployed in the opening days of the Gulf War.