The 10th Tank Division (Chinese: 坦克第10师) was formed in August 1967 with the 4th Independent Tank Regiment, 284th Tank Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment from the 79th Army Division and the 286th Tank Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment from the 81st Army Division.

In December 1969 it moved to Jurong, Jiangsu province.

The 2nd and 3rd Independent Tank Regiments of Nanjing Military Region attached and renamed as the 37th and 38th Tank Regiments.

The division was the only armored division deployed south of Yangtze River, and its 37th Armored Regiment was the first Blue Force unit of PLA ground force.

In late 2011 the division was split into two: the division itself became the 10th Armored Brigade (Chinese: 装甲第10旅), while half of its battalions formed the 178th Mechanized Infantry Brigade.