[1] This congress also featured the first female Senate president pro tempore (Patty Murray), the first Black party leader (Hakeem Jeffries) in congressional history, and the longest-serving Senate party leaders (Mitch McConnell and Dick Durbin).

[3] The intense gridlock, particularly in the Republican-controlled House, where the Republican Conference's majority was often undercut by internal disputes among its members,[4] resulted in it passing the lowest number of laws for the first year of session since the Richard Nixon administration, and possibly ever.

After relying on bipartisan votes to get out of a debt ceiling crisis and government shutdown threats, McCarthy became the first speaker to ever be removed from the role during a legislative session on October 3, 2023.

[11] Following three failed attempts by various representatives to fill the post, on October 25, Mike Johnson was elected as speaker.

[12][13] Congress finalized the 2024 United States federal budget on March 23, 2024, through two separate minibus packages.

With the expulsion of New York representative George Santos from the House in December 2023 over the opposition of the speaker, this was the first congress since the 107th in which a member was expelled, and the first ever in which a Republican was.

Additionally, six non-voting members were elected from the American territories and Washington, D.C.[ad] The numbers refer to the congressional district of the given state in this Congress.