The regiment is headquartered in Paotai Town (炮台镇) in Shawan County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, it is composed of 37 agricultural construction companies.
In June 1953, it was renamed the 21st Regiment of the 7th Agricultural Construction Division of the Xinjiang Military Region.
With the establishment of the Xinjiang Military Region Production Corps (present Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, "XPCC" for short) in October 1954, the 21st Regiment was reorganized into the 7th Agricultural Construction Division.
With the abolishment of the XPCC in March 1975, the 7th Division was canceled in May of the same year, the 121st Regiment was transferred to Shihezi Prefecture (石河子地区), and renamed as the 121st Regiment Farm of Shihezi Prefecture (石河子地区一二二团场).
In December 1981, the XPCC's structure was restored, and in May 1982, the 8th Agricultural Construction Division was restored in Shihezi City, and the 121st Regiment Farm of Shihezi was renamed the 121st Regiment of 8th Agricultural Construction Division.