The 131st Artillery Regiment "Centauro" (Italian: 131° Reggimento Artiglieria "Centauro") is an inactive field artillery regiment of the Italian Army, which was based in Vercelli in Piedmont.

For its conduct in Albania and Yugoslavia the 131st Artillery Regiment "Centauro" was awarded a Bronze Medal of Military Valor, which was affixed to the regiment's flag and is depicted on the unit's coat of arms.

Both division fought in the Western Desert campaign and were destroyed in the Second Battle of El Alamein.

During the Battle of the Kasserine Pass the Centauro overran the part of the US forces defending Highway 13.

The regiment was assigned to the Armored Brigade "Centauro" and consisted of a command, a command unit, I Self-propelled Group with M7 Priest self-propelled guns, and II Anti-tank Group with M10 tank destroyers.

[2][3][5] On 1 January 1954 the regiment consisted of the following units:[2][5] In November 1955 the regiment moved from Verona to Vercelli and the IV and V were merged into a mixed group with two anti-aircraft batteries with 40/56 autocannons and one battery with M36 tank destroyers.

In 1956 the regiment formed a Light Aircraft Section with L-21B artillery observation planes.

On the same date the I Self-propelled Group was assigned to the I Mechanized Brigade "Centauro" and the III Self-propelled Group was assigned to the III Armored Brigade "Centauro".

[2][5] In 1964 the regiment formed an Artillery Specialists Battery and underwent the following changes:[2][5] On 1 September 1968 the brigade level was abolished and the three self-propelled groups returned to the regiment, which afterwards was organized as follows:[2][5] In 1972 the regiment received M109G self-propelled howitzers and by 1 January 1973 all three self-propelled field artillery groups had replaced their M7 Priest with the modern M109G.

On 1 October 1975 the regiment's II Self-propelled Field Artillery Group was reorganized and renamed 13th Field Artillery Group "Magliana" and assigned to the Infantry Division "Granatieri di Sardegna".

To avoid confusion with the other support units of the Armored Division "Centauro" the group was named for the location of its base Vercelli.

[2][3][5] On 12 November 1976 the President of the Italian Republic Giovanni Leone assigned with decree 846 the flag and traditions of the 131st Artillery Regiment "Centauro" to the 131st Heavy Field Artillery Group "Vercelli".

In 1986 the Italian Army abolished the divisional level and so on 31 October 1986 the Armored Division "Centauro" was disbanded.

The reformed regiment incorporated the personnel and M109L self-propelled howitzers of the disbanded Brennero group.