François Hollande first reappointed Jean-Marc Ayrault as Prime Minister on June 20, 2012, which composes a single government.

Bernard Cazeneuve succeeds him on December 6, 2016 and will remain head of a single government until the election of Emmanuel Macron to the presidency of the Republic.

The oldest member of the National Assembly is François Scellier, from the Radical Party, linked to the larger UMP conservative grouping.

Members of the National Assembly who join the government are required to give up their seats to their substitutes (suppléants) a month after their appointment, as stipulated in the constitution.

By-elections are held in the event of the annulation of electoral results or vacancies caused by resignations (in most circumstances not those related to the death of a deputy, in which case the substitute takes the seat if possible), except within the year before legislative elections.