It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.3–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 4 months (1,595 days).

[12] According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Charlois measures between 20.3 and 27.6 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.077 and 0.12,[4][5][6][7][8] while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.079 and a diameter of 23.7 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.5.

[10] Another lightcurve, obtained by French astronomers Pierre Antonini and René Roy in February 2013, gave a period of 5.866±0.0003 hours with an amplitude of 0.18 (U=2).

He was a pioneer during the transition from visual to photographic discoveries in the late 19th century.

[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 30 June 1977 (M.P.C.