Erzincan in Turkey, then part of the Ottoman Empire, was struck by a major earthquake on 18 July 1784.

It caused widespread damage between Erzincan and Muş.

It had an estimated magnitude of 7.6 Ms. More than 90% of the houses in Erzincan collapsed and at least 5,000 people died,[3] with some reports of more than 10,000 deaths.

[4] A 150 km long zone of surface rupture was observed.

In 2013 it was estimated that about 2.67 m of displacement deficit has accumulated on this fault segment since 1784, sufficient to drive an earthquake of up to Mw7.5.