Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in Pennsylvania on October 14, 1806, for the 10th Congress.

There were two subsequent special elections which did not result in any seats changing parties.

One seat held by a Democratic-Republican had become vacant and was not yet filled at the time of the election.

As in the previous election, there was a breakaway faction of the Democratic-Republican Party allied with the Federalists known as the tertium quids or Constitutional Republicans, which ran candidates in several districts.

The districts were: Note: Many of these counties covered much larger areas than they do today, having since been divided into smaller counties Fifteen incumbents (14 Democratic-Republicans and the sole Federalist) ran for re-election, of whom eleven won re-election.