[4] The seven guns remained in service until 1967 and were regularly shown during the annual May Day parades, being towed by AT-T artillery tractors.

[6] The West assumed that the S-23 was issued within the Soviet Army at a ratio of 12 weapons per heavy artillery brigade.

180mm S-23 guns were deployed to forward positions as part of the Syrian Army's General Staff reserve during the Yom Kippur War.

In the opening day of the war, they shelled Mount Canaan [he], an intelligence base near Safed, and Mahanayim airfield.

[7] During the Lebanese Civil War, Syrian Army 180mm guns and 240mm mortars shelled East Beirut in 1989 as part of an offensive to dislodge Christian faction leader Michel Aoun, inflicting over 900 casualties.