After America's entry into the War of 1812 against Britain, the Democratic-Republican and Federalist parties maintained pro-war and anti-war positions, respectively.

Democratic-Republican representatives supported by voters in agrarian regions and Southern and Western states promoted war, asserting that Britain had violated American sovereignty and that despite Britain's strength, war was a manageable risk.

Federalists and their supporters in New England and more densely populated Eastern districts opposed the war, citing likely damage to American trade and infrastructure.

This election saw significant voter support shift to the declining Federalists for the last time, almost entirely in New England, New York, and New Jersey.

Despite this shift, Federalists did not approach national political recovery, House control, or meaningful policy influence.

There was a statewide at-large election held in November 1812, that was invalidated: In October 1812, when the Federalists captured the State Legislature, both parties had already nominated their tickets for Presidential Electors and Congress.

However, … the Federalist[s], now controlling the legislature, changed the method of selecting Presidential Electors, from popular vote, to a choice by the Legislature and as a result the election for Presidential Electors was invalidated.

In addition to changing the method of choosing Presidential electors, the Federalist also decided to alter the election of congressmen from state wide At-Large to Districts.

Some towns, either because word of these changes did not reach them in time, or most likely in defiance, went ahead and held elections.

These returns were never reported in the newspapers.Ten seats were added after the 1810 census, bringing New York's representation to 27, the largest of any state at the time.

The 1810 census revealed dramatic population growth in Ohio since 1800, resulting in its representation increasing from a single Representative to six, resulting in the State being broken up into 6 districts, abolishing the at-large district.

Jeremiah Morrow (Democratic-Republican), who had served since Ohio achieved statehood in 1803, retired to run for U.S.

There was a special election in the 6th district, held due to the death of Representative-elect John S. Edward before Congress met.

South Carolina gained one representative as a result of the 1810 census, increasing from 8 seats to 9.

New York, with its 27 seats, surpassed Virginia and remained the most populous state until the late 1960s.