The regiment is part of the Italian Army's infantry arm's Paracadutisti speciality and assigned to the Paratroopers Brigade "Folgore".

The Combat Group "Folgore" then entered the front on the allied side and fought against the German forces in Italy until the end of the war.

Afterwards the 183rd Infantry Regiment "Nembo" consisted of the following units:[5][6][7][9] In early June 1943, the 184th Infantry Division "Nembo" was transferred to the island of Sardinia and assigned to XIII Army Corps, which was responsible for the defense of the southern half of the island.

[5][7] The tactical groups were intended to act as rapid reinforcements for the coastal units garrisoning the beaches, where allied forces were expected to land.

[7][10] The "Nembo" division's Chief of Staff Lieutenant Colonel Alberto Bechi Luserna pursued the mutinous troops to try to convince them to return to their positions and respect the chain of command.

On 9 September 1943, near Borore Bechi Luserna caught up with the retreating troops, who killed him and one of the accompanying Carabinieri officers.

[10][11][12] Following these events, the Armed Forces Command Sardinia ordered the XIII Army Corps to keep the "Nembo" division under strict surveillance and away from combat operations.

On 19 April 1945, the II Battalion of the Paratroopers Regiment "Nembo" fought a heavy battle against the Fallschirmjäger of the German 1.

During the battle the commander of the battalion, Lieutenant Colonel Giuseppe Izzo, was gravely injured and, when he was transported to the rear, was immediately awarded the American Distinguished Service Cross, making him the only Italian recipient of the award in all of World War II.

[7][16] On 12 November 1976, the President of the Italian Republic Giovanni Leone assigned with decree 846 the flag and traditions of the 183rd Infantry Regiment "Nembo" to the battalion.

[5][1][7][2] On 31 January 1991, the 87th Motorized Infantry Battalion "Senio" was disbanded in Pistoia and its base taken over by the Paratroopers Brigade "Folgore".

The battalion received the flag and traditions of the 183rd Infantry Regiment "Nembo" and was assigned to the Paratroopers Brigade "Folgore".

[5][1][7][3] From 3 April to 20 October 2009, the regiment was deployed to Afghanistan for the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force.

The 12th Paratroopers Maneuver Support Company is equipped with MO-120 RT 120mm mortars and Spike LR anti-tank guided missiles.