[3] The campaign for the municipal elections of 1855 began very early in the year, before any candidates had emerged for the mayoral race.

[4] Topics included the role of foreigners on night police duty, controversy regarding the city's school fund, bar fights.

[8] Boone benefitted from an article published by the Chicago Tribune that blamed Milliken for an Irish beer riot and stoked fears by warning, "Every vote given for Milliken is a vote given for whisky, Jesuitism, for Irish rule, for crime and pauperism, and for the ruin of Chicago.

[3] There were allegations that Irish and German voters from Bridgeport, which was then outside the city limits, were brought in to vote illegally for Milliken.

[7] He also enforced liquor policies which were perceived to target German immigrants, which led to the Lager Beer Riot.