A plebiscite on prohibition was held in Canada on 29 September 1898, the first national referendum in the country's history.

[1] The Liberal government had made an election promise in 1896 to provide an opportunity for Canadians to register their opinions about the sale of alcohol.

Prohibition laws were passed by provincial governments during the first twenty years of the 20th century.

The federal government also moved to ban inter-provincial (mail-order) sale of liquor in some cases.

A 2012 study found that religion was by far the most important factor in determining how Canadians voted, with Evangelicals favoring prohibition, whereas Catholics and Anglicans opposed it.