The 1901 Challenge Cup was the 5th staging of rugby league's oldest knockout competition, the Challenge Cup.

[1] Contested during the 1900–01 Northern Rugby Football Union season, the final was played between Batley and Warrington at Headingley Stadium in Leeds.

[2] The final was played on Saturday 27 April 1901, where Batley beat Warrington 16-8 at Headingley in front of a crowd of 29,563.

[3]