The 1905 International Lawn Tennis Challenge was the fifth edition of what is now known as the Davis Cup.

As defending champions, the British Isles team played host to the competition.

The World Group ties were played at Queen's Club in London, England from 13–19 July, and the final was played on 21–24 July.

Australasia, a combined Australia-New Zealand team, and Austria joined the competition for the first time.

For the first time, a "World Group" tournament was held to determine which team would challenge the British Isles for the cup.