The 1909–10 season was the 36th season of competitive football played by Rangers.
Rangers played a total of 40 competitive matches during the 1909–10 season.
The side finished third in the league, eight points behind champions Celtic, after winning 20 of the 34 matches.
Their Scottish Cup campaign ended in a second round 2–0 defeat away to Clyde, having previously overcome Inverness Thistle in the first.
All results are written with Rangers' score first.