Parliamentary elections were held in the Grand Duchy of Finland on 1 and 2 October 1917.

The elections were the result of the constitutional crisis in Finland caused by the Russian revolution.

As Russian Tsar Nicholas, head of state in Finland, had abdicated without a successor, the Finnish Parliament stated that it would become the highest power in internal matters.

The Russian Provisional Government did not accept this, but ordered premature parliamentary elections, which was thought illegal by the Socialists.

The bourgeois parties, on average, wanted first to ensure that Finland would become fully independent, and only then to implement such social and economic reforms.