A plebiscite on conscription was held in Canada on 27 April 1942.

[1] It was held in response to the Conservative Party lobbying Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King (Liberal leader) to introduce compulsory overseas military service, the government having previously promised not to introduce same in 1940.

Quebec's strong majority against the comitment's release prompted the prime minister not to pursue the issue until later events prompted a change in position.

The following question appeared on the ballot: The referendum was held in all 245 electoral districts, which covered all nine provinces and one of the two territories.

Residents in the Northwest Territories did not have a vote, as their area was not organized as an electoral district.