The constitution of 1954 includes the Preamble, four chapters, 106 articles, and it defines "the national flag of People's Republic of China is a red flag with 5 stars" (Article 104); "the national emblem of the People's Republic of China is: in the center, Tien An Men under the light of five stars, and encircled by ears of grain and a cogwheel."

Like the Common Program, the new Constitution limited any reference of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to the preamble.

[3] On the eve of the Cultural Revolution, Liu Shaoqi, then the Chairman of the People's Republic of China, fell victim to the Red Guards.

The first chapter in the Constitution of 1954 includes 20 articles and it deals with the general issue of defining social and economic structure.

The first chapter, gave the primary definition of “the nature of regime, the structure of ownership, people’s property rights and so on.”[3] Heavily considering the state of the country at the time, the first part of the constitution emphasized the equality between the Han nationality and the other fifty-five minority nationalities.