The 1956 Cupa României was the 19th edition of Romania's most prestigious football cup competition.
The title was won by Progresul Oradea against Energia Câmpia Turzii.
If a match is drawn after 90 minutes, the game goes in extra time, and if the scored is still tight after 120 minutes, the team who plays away will qualify.
In case the teams are from same city, there a replay will be played.
From the first edition, the teams from Divizia A entered in competition in sixteen finals, rule which remained till today.