The 1959 Soviet Football Championship, Class B (Russian: Чемпионат СССР по футболу 1959 (класс «Б»)) was the tenth season of the Soviet Class B football competitions since their establishment in 1950.
It involved participation of 101 "teams of masters" split in seven groups which were composed by regional principle to some extent.
Initially all the winners were to qualify for the final tournament as in previous season, but it was scratched as it was decided to reorganize competitions.
Following this season, the Soviet Class B competitions were split based on regional principle in three main groups Russian SFSR, Ukrainian SSR and Union republics.
Promoted to (14): Spartak Leningrad, Torpedo Vladimir, Trud Ryazan, Trud Tula, Spartak Nalchik, Arsenal Kiev, Avangard Zhitomir, Avangard Krivoi Rog, Avangard Ternopol, Shakhter Gorlovka, Lokomotiv Bendery, Lokomotiv Gomel, Lokomotiv Tbilisi, Tekstilschik Kirovobad Relegated to (1): Admiralteyets Leningrad One team was to be promoted so all four group winners contested it in short tournament.