The Ninth-of-May-Constitution was superficially similar in many respects to the 1920 Constitution and contained a mixture of liberal democratic and state socialist elements.

Chapter 1, entitled "The Social Order," declares Czechoslovakia to be a "socialist state, founded on the firm bond of workers, peasants and intelligentsia, in whose lead is the working class."

State power was exercised "by the working people through representative bodies which are elected by, surveilled by, and accountable to them."

Principles of the "socialist economic system, in which the means of production are socialised and the entire national economy directed by plan" and the rules of democratic centralism, are also laid out.

Small private enterprises "based on [owner's] personal labour and excluding exploitation of others' workforce" are permitted within limits (9) formally; this in practice concerned agriculture.

Personal ownership of consumer goods, "family homes, and savings earned through labour" is guaranteed, as is inheritance of such property (10).

"In accordance with the interests of the working people, all citizens are guaranteed" freedom of speech and press (28).

Chapter 7 concerns National Committees (i. e. local and regional government), 8 judiciary system and 9 general and concluding provisions.