RSC Anderlechtois won their 15th Division I title[1] and made the double by beating Standard Club Liégeois in the Belgian Cup final (1-0).

[3] For the first time, a Belgian Women's First Division championship was played (with three leagues at the top level), won by Astrio Begijnendijk.

They lost however in the semifinals to West Germany (1-2) at the Bosuilstadion in Antwerp, but won the game for the third-place against Hungary (2-1).

The bottom club of each Division III league (K Willebroekse SV, RE Mouscron, KSC Maccabi Voetbal Antwerp and Wavre Sports) were relegated to Promotion, to be replaced by R Jet de Bruxelles, R Stade Waremmien FC, KVV Looi Sport Tessenderlo and Kortrijk Sport from Promotion.. Key Standard Club Liégeois beat Linfield FC of Northern Ireland in the first round of the 1971–72 European Champion Clubs' Cup (won 2–0 at home, 3–2 away), and CSKA Moscow in the second round (lost 0–1 away, won 2–0 at home).

The 3 Belgian clubs who qualified for the 1971–72 UEFA Cup were RFC Brugeois, RSC Anderlechtois and K Lierse SK.