The 1976 Soviet football championship was the 44th–45th seasons of competitive football in the Soviet Union, the 38th–39th among teams of masters.

Dinamo Moscow won the Top League spring championship becoming the Soviet domestic champions for the eleventh and the last time, while Torpedo Moscow won the Top League fall championship becoming the Soviet domestic champions for the third and also the last time.

Notes = Number in parentheses is the times that club has won that honour.

* indicates new record for competition Top League First League