The 33rd Edition Vuelta a España (Tour of Spain), a long-distance bicycle stage race and one of the three grand tours, was held from 25 April to 14 May 1978.

It consisted of 19 stages covering a total of 2,995 km (1,861 mi), and was won by Bernard Hinault of the Renault–Elf–Gitane cycling team.

Ferdi Van Den Haute won the points classification and Andrés Oliva won the mountains classification.

General classification(la roja) Points classification(jersey verde) Mountains classification(jersey puntos azules) Young rider classification(jersey blanco) Team classification(clasificación por equipos) Combativity award