The 1983 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships (1983 WJHC) was the seventh edition of the Ice Hockey World Junior Championship and was held in Leningrad, Soviet Union between December 26, 1982, and January 4, 1983.

The tournament was a round-robin format, with the top three teams winning gold, silver and bronze medals respectively.

Norway was relegated to Pool B for the 1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.

Italy was relegated to Pool C for the 1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.

This was the first year of a 'C' pool, and it marked the debut of junior teams from Romania, Bulgaria, and Australia.