A regional election was held in Belgium on 18 June 1989 to elect representatives to the first Brussels Regional Council, which replaced the Brussels Agglomeration Council as a result of the creation of the Brussels-Capital Region.

Elections to the European Parliament were held on the same day.

However, no regional institutions were created until 1980, when the Flemish Council and the Flemish Executive were created for the Flemish Region and the Walloon Council and Walloon Executive for the Walloon Region.

A Brussels Agglomeration comprising the 19 municipalities which today form the Brussels Region had already been established in 1971, but no regional institutions were created for Brussels until 1989 because of political disagreements on the subject.

The first direct elections for the Flemish and Walloon Councils took place in 1995, since then all regional elections are held on the same day and once every 5 years.