Leftist, Islamist, liberal political parties, and relatively small select militias Government of Bahrain Sheikh Abdul Amir Al-JamriAbdulwahab HussainHasan MushaimaSaeed al-ShehabiAli SalmanAbdullatif Al-Mahmood Isa bin Salman Al KhalifaIan Henderson The 1990s uprising in Bahrain (Arabic: الانتفاضة التسعينية في البحرين) also known as the uprising of dignity[3] (Arabic: انتفاضة الكرامة) was an uprising in Bahrain between 1994 and 1999 in which leftists, liberals and Islamists joined forces to demand democratic reforms.

The uprising caused approximately forty deaths and ended after Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa became the Emir of Bahrain in 1999[4] and a referendum on 14–15 February 2001 massively supported the National Action Charter.

However, two years later the constitution was suspended and the assembly dissolved by the Amir, Isa bin Salman al-Khalifa after it rejected the State Security Law.

It gave police wide arresting powers and allowed individuals to be held in prison without trial or charge for up to three years for mere suspicion "that they might be a threat to the state".

[8] In 1992, a petition signed by 280 society leaders, including some of the dissolved parliament members called for the restoration of the national assembly.

Another petition the following month concluded that the newly formed council "does not replace the national assembly as a constitutional and legislative authority".

The final aim of the uprising was the reinstatement of the 1973 constitution and respect of human rights in Bahrain, while preserving plurality of opinions in society.

Over 1,500 demonstrator tried to organize a sit-in front of Ministry of Labor protesting the increasing rate of unemployment which had reached 15 percent.

[9] An agreement named "the Initiative"[10] was reached in which opposition leaders would calm people in exchange for releasing all of those not convicted in courts.

Bombings continued in the following months collecting the lives of eight people, including seven killed in the firebombing of a restaurant in Sitra.

The claim that "Hizb Allah" existed in Bahrain was described by Human Rights Watch as lacking any credibility, however the report noted the influence of Iran during that period.

The violence generally subsided after King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa carried out political reforms after he ascended to the throne in 1999.