Parliamentary elections were held in São Tomé and Príncipe on 20 January 1991.

The result was a victory for the Democratic Convergence Party-Reflection Group, which won 33 of the 55 seats, defeating the former sole legal party, the Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe - Social Democratic Party.

Some of the smaller parties that participated in the election were the FDC, or Christian Democratic Front and the Democratic Coalition of the Opposition (CODO), created by the merger of three former overseas opposition movements.

The elections, deemed transparent, free, and fair resulted in victory for the PCD-GR, with the MLSTP defeat blamed on the country's economic problems.

[1] A transitional government headed by Daniel Daio was installed in February pending presidential elections to be held in March.