It was the first Saeima to be elected after the Constitutional Assembly of Latvia had created the Constitution of Latvia and the Elections Law.

Social-Democrat Frīdrihs Vesmanis was Speaker of the Saeima until 17 March 1925 followed by Social Democrat Pauls Kalniņš.

The 1st Saeima gave confidence to the 1st cabinet of Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics (20 July 1922 – 26 January 1923), cabinet of Jānis Pauļuks (27 January 1923 – 27 June 1923), 2nd cabinet of Meierovics (28 June 1923 – 26 January 1924), cabinet of Voldemārs Zāmuēls (25 January 1924 – 17 December 1924) and the 1st cabinet of Hugo Celmiņš (19 December 1924 – 23 December 1925).

1st Saeima elections were held on 7–8 October 1922 and 82,2% (800,840 people) of eligible voters participated.

Due to the liberal Elections law, 20 parties were elected to the 100 seats, representing all the political and ethnic interest groups of Latvia.