[17] According to Peterson this defector described the American bombardment as very effective, "Kabul city has seen many rockets, but this was a different thing" and "the American bombing of Taliban trenches, cars, and troops caused us to be defeated.

It quoted a Northern Alliance commander, who stated: The article quoted a senior American military official, who stated:[18] U.S. and Northern Alliance forces are aided by so-called Eastern Alliance of ethnic Pashtuns in driving the Taliban from control of all areas of Afghanistan.

U.S. attacks target al-Qaeda strongholds in Tora Bora near the Pakistan border.

Many al-Qaeda are taken prisoner by U.S, Pakistan and the new UN-approved interim government of Afghanistan.

Professor Professor Marc W. Herold of the University of New Hampshire estimated that the civilian death toll in the first two months of the war could have been as high as 3,767.