The President's rule (imposed earlier) was being implemented in the state, and the Naxalites found it a good opportunity to conduct this massive operation.

[6] The operation was conducted by People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (India)— a militant underground unit of CPI (Maoist).

After entering, they dispersed throughout the city and captured the strategic locations to avoid any counter measures by the state and the security forces.

[7][9] A band of Maoists, in the vicinity of prison, moved towards the nearby locality announcing the people to stay inside their houses.

It was reported that majority of them were petty criminals and they had escaped just to save themselves as they thought that the Maoists were planning to explode the prison altogether.

[7] Bela Bhatia has described the hobnobbing between prison administration and influential criminals, who manage to get into private wards of local government hospitals on the basis of fake medical certificates, living a life of luxury even while serving a sentence.

Apart from the poor situation of prison inmates, there were routine massacres of Dalit agricultural labourers in Jahanabad, which incited popular opinion against the state.

[7] While discussing about this 'prison break incident', officials present in the police line commented: Yaha ka sara Janata hi ugarwadi hai (Here everyone is a terrorist)[7]Bhatia stated that the state administration during those days used to participate in fake encounters on the basis of suspicion of being supporters of the Maoists in complicity with the caste based Senas (Private armies) of the landlords.

The incident of prison break and selective targeting of the members of Ranvir Sena resulted in chances of reprisal by latter.

Hence, in the aftermath of this event, it was thought that the relative peace that was prevalent for few years due to dormancy of caste based Senas may break as a response to killing of leading commanders like Bade Sharma.

[11] Following the incident, Superintendent of Police for Jahanabad district, Sunil Kumar was suspended by government of Bihar, for his failure to prevent the naxal onslaught.

According to contemporary news reports, Bihar Home Secretary HC Sirohi had informed SP about possible attack by the extremists earlier, despite this, the district administration was unable to prevent the jailbreak.

Government of India rushed over thousand paramilitary personnels to Bihar, after the incident, and a plan to airdrop the security forces was formulated.

Kanu was arrested in February 2007 by Bihar Police, but speedy trial mechanism was not followed in his case; he was kept under high security in Beur Jail and his property at his native village was confiscated.

[14] One of the important naxal leader Kaviji, who previously worked as Zonal commander of the Magadh region of the CPI (Maoist) was arrested by Patna police in 2020.

Kaviji also known as Krishna Vallabh Lal was hiding in Dahiya village of Patna district and due to lockdown imposed in the state, in course of COVID outbreak, he was not able to move.