Al-Oruba SC were the defending champions, having won the 2007–08 Omani League season.

Al-Nahda Club lost 1-0 away in their final league match against Sur SC and emerged as the champions of the 2008–09 Omani League with a total of 45 points.

This season the league had 12 teams.

Al-Wahda SC, Oman Club and Bahla Club were relegated to the Second Division League after finishing in the relegation zone in the 2007-08 season.

The three relegated teams were replaced by Second Division League teams Sohar SC, Saham SC and Al-Shabab Club.