The team, which plays in the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC), was led by third-year head coach Gregg Marshall.

The Shockers played their 2009-10 home games at Charles Koch Arena, on the campus of Wichita State University.

The Shockers finished the season 25–10, 12–6 in MVC play, lost in the championship game of the 2010 Missouri Valley Conference men's basketball tournament and were invited to the 2010 National Invitation Tournament, where they lost in the first round to Nevada.

The Shockers also received votes in the AP Coaches Poll in the season, going as high as the #34 spot.

Note: Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA sanctioned events.