The 2009 China League One is the sixth season since the establishment.

League kicked off on 28 March 2009 and is scheduled to end on 25 October 2009.

Zhu Zhengrong of Shanghai East Asia scored the first hat-trick of the season against Sichuan at Shanghai Stadium on 28 Aug 2009.

After 2008 season, Jiangsu Sainty and Chongqing Lifan were promoted to Chinese Super League 2009 and Yantai Yiteng were relegated to China League Two 2009.

They were replaced by Guangdong Sunray Cave and Shenyang Dongjin which promoted from League Two 2008 and Liaoning Whowin who relegated from Super League 2008.