Legislative elections were held in New Caledonia on 10 May 2009.

[4] The Labour Party, which had been founded in 2007 as the political arm of the pro-independence Union of Kanaky Workers and the Exploited, contested the elections for the first time and hoped to gain 12,000 votes and a seat.

Due to splits in the two main parties of the anti-independence front, the Rally–UMP and Future Together (from which Caledonia Together split off in October 2008), the main pro-independence party, the Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS), hoped to become the largest party in the elections.

[5] The newly elected Congress was to decide how to implement the autonomy provisions of the Noumea Accord of 1998.

[4] Apart from the island's political future, the economy and New Caledonia's high cost of living were the main issue in the election campaign.