The 2010–11 Liga Alef season saw Maccabi Umm al-Fahm (champions of the North Division) and Hapoel Jerusalem (champions of the South Division) win the title and promotion to Liga Leumit.
At the bottom, the bottom two clubs in each division, Maccabi Kafr Qara, Hapoel Ramot Menashe Megiddo (from North division), Hapoel Tzafririm Holon and Shimshon Bnei Tayibe (from South division) were all automatically relegated to Liga Bet, whilst the two clubs ranked in 14th place in each division, Ironi Sayid Umm al-Fahm and Hapoel Nahlat Yehuda entered a promotion/relegation play-offs, and both relegated to Liga Bet after losing the play-offs.
The winners of the first round played single match at home of the higher ranked club (from each regional division).
Hapoel Asi Gilboa and Maccabi Kabilio Jaffa faced each other for a single match in neutral venue.
Maccabi Kabilio Jaffa faced the 14th placed in 2010–11 Liga Leumit Hakoah Ramat Gan.