The 2010–11 Russian Professional Basketball League (PBL) was the first season of the Russian Professional League, and the 20th overall of the Russian Professional Championship.

CSKA Moscow won the title, by beating Kimki Moscow Region 3–1 in the league's playoff Finals.

In the regular season, all ten teams played against each other three times so in the regular season, each team played 27 games.

The quarterfinals were played in a best-of-three format, the semi- and finals were played in a best-of-five format.

All rounds were played in a best-of-three format.