Australia competed at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics, the inaugural Youth Olympic Games, held in Singapore from 14 August to 26 August 2010.

The Australian team consisted of the maximum number of allowed athletes (100) competing in 20 sports: archery, aquatics (diving and swimming), athletics, badminton, basketball, boxing, canoe/kayak, cycling, equestrian, gymnastics, handball, hockey, modern pentathlon, rowing, sailing, shooting, table tennis, triathlon, weightlifting and wrestling.

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