The 2011–12 Serbian First League was the seventh season of the league under its current name.
It started on 13 August 2011 and concluded on 6 June 2012.
Radnički Niš won the title and Donji Srem finished as runners-up, with both clubs earning promotion to the Serbian SuperLiga.
Radnički Sombor, Mladi Radnik, Sinđelić Niš and Srem were relegated to their respective Serbian League groups.