Muscat Club are the defending champions, having won their first title in the previous 2014–15 season.
At the end of the 9th round in the play-offs, on Friday, 15 April 2016, Al-Rustaq SC were crowned the champions of the 2015–16 Oman First Division League with one game to spare after a 1-0 win over Bowsher Club winning their first ever domestic title and hence earning promotion to the top flight for the first time in the club's history..[2][3][4] Al-Rustaq SC along with Oman Club[5][6][7] and Ja'lan SC[8][9] earned promotion to 2016–17 Oman Professional League.
The winners and the runners-up earn promotion to 2016-17 Oman Professional League and the second runners-up plays a promotion play-off against the 12th positioned team of the 2015–16 Oman Professional League.
On 20 February 2016, due to pitch invasion, the match between Al-Seeb Club and Bowsher Club was abandoned after second half with Bowsher leading 2-0; Oman Football Association on 25 February confirmed the result as 3-0 for Bowsher and also announced a 500 Omani rials fine on Al-Seeb.
[17] Ja'lan earned promotion to 2016–17 Oman Professional League after winning 3-2 on aggregate.