The Women's 50 metre butterfly competition of the 2016 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) was held on 8 and 9 December 2016.

[1] Prior to the competition, the existing world and championship records were as follows.

The heats were held at 09:51.

[2] The semifinals were held at 19:15.

[3] The final was held at 18:37.