Trepça and Hajvalia were relegated after finishing the previous season in eleventh and twelfth-place respectively.
They were replaced by the champions and runners-up of the 2016–17 First League, Flamurtari and Vëllaznimi respectively.
Vllaznia Pozheran defeated Ferizaj in a play-off to claim their top-flight spot.
The ninth and tenth-placed teams, Vëllaznimi and Flamurtari respectively, each paired off against the third and fourth-placed teams from the 2017–18 First Football League of Kosovo season, Vushtrria and Ferizaj respectively; the two winners will play in the top-flight next season.
As with previous seasons, both play-offs will be played on neutral ground.